为研究水生植物对沉积物微生物群落功能多样性的影响,采用Biolog-Eco微平板法分析非根际沉积物及菖蒲根际沉积物微生物群落功能多样性差异。结果表明:水生植物菖蒲的生长可大大提高沉积物中微生物的活性及多样性,菖蒲根际微生物总活性(AWCD)、微生物多样性指数(包括Shannon-Wiener 指数、丰富度指数及Pielou 均匀度指数)均显著高于非根际沉积物。菖蒲根际沉积物微生物主要是一些利用酯类及糖类作为碳源的微生物类群,而非根际沉积物微生物主要利用酯类及胺类碳源。菖蒲根际沉积物及非根际沉积物之间的代谢差异的碳源主要有D-纤维二糖、β-甲基D-葡萄糖苷、葡萄糖-1-磷酸、D-半乳糖醛酸及D-葡萄胺酸、苯乙基胺、N-乙酰基-D-葡萄胺、D-半乳糖内酯、D-甘露醇及D,L-a-甘油。根际及非根际微生物群落功能多样性差异可为揭示水生植物对水环境沉积物的根际效应机制提供一定的科学依据。

Differences in the functiona1 diversity of microbia1 community between rhizosphere sediment of Acorus calamus and non-rhizosphere sediment were investigated using Biolog-Eco microplates. Results showed that the growth of Acorus calamus could significantly increase the microbial activity and diversity in the rhizosphere sediment. The total microorganism activity (AWCD, average well color development) and the diversity including the Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index, richness index and Pielou evenness index of rhizosphere sediment was significantly higher than that of non-rhizosphere sediment. Microorganisms using sugar as the main carbon source was the main microorganism groups in the rhizosphere sediment of Acorus calamus, whereas microbes in the non-rhizosphere sediment mainly used ester and amine as carbon source. The carbon sources causing the metabolic differences between non-rhizosphere sediment and rhizosphere sediment were D-Cellobiose, ?-Methyl-D-Glucoside, Glucose-1-Phosphate, D-Galacturonic Acid, D-Glucosaminic Acid, Phenylethyl-amine, N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine, D-Galactonic Acid y-Lactone, D-Mannitol and D,L-a-Glycerol. Analysis on the differences of functional diversity in microbial community between rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere sediment aims to reveal the mechanism of rhizosphere effect of aquatic macrophyte and provides scientific basis for improving the efficiency of pollutant removal by aquatic macrophyte.