收稿日期: 2015-01-09
网络出版日期: 2015-03-06
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(41101260,41271303);长江科学院创新团队项目(CKSF2012052/TB);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费资助项目(CKSF2013013/TB);“十二五”科技支撑计划课题资助项目(2012BAK10B04)
Characteristics of Runoff and Sediment Yield of Purple Soil Slope Surface in the Presence of Artificial Rainfall and Scouring
Received date: 2015-01-09
Online published: 2015-03-06
采用可变坡的3 m×1 m土槽进行人工降雨和放水冲刷试验,在不同坡度(5°~20°)、不同雨强(0.6~2.5 mm/min)和放水流量(1.6~7 m3/s)情况下,对紫色土坡面的产流产沙特征进行了研究。结果表明:放水冲刷试验中径流流速从坡上到坡脚表现出先增加后减小、逐渐增大和逐渐减小3种趋势,而人工降雨试验则恰恰相反,径流流速从坡上到坡脚表现出逐渐增大的趋势;15 min是2种试验方法产流过程稳定的临界时间;人工降雨试验径流含沙量稳定的时间介于5~50 min之间,放水冲刷试验含沙量稳定的临界时间为20 min。试验成果可为后续紫色土侵蚀相关研究提供数据支持。
王爱娟,丁文峰 . 人工降雨和放水冲刷条件下紫色土坡面产流产沙特征分析[J]. 长江科学院院报, 2015 , 32(3) : 31 -34 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5485.2015.03.007
Soil tank (3 m×1 m) of variable slope was taken for artificial rainfall and runoff scouring test. The features of runoff and sediment yield on purple soil slope in the presence of different slope gradients (5°~20°), rainfall intensities(0.6~2.5 mm/min), and scouring flow rates(1.6~7 m3/s) were researched. Results indicate that in scouring test, the runoff flow velocity from slope top to slope toe changes in three tendencies: first increases and then reduces, progressively increases, and progressively reduces; whereas for artificial rainfall test, the runoff flow velocity gradually increases from slope top to slope toe. The critical time of runoff getting stable in both tests is 15min; whereas for sediment concentration, the time of getting stable is between 5~50min in artificial rainfall test and 20min in scouring test.
Key words： purple soil; runoff velocity; sediment concentration; artificial rainfall; scouring
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