以某隧道工程为背景，结合断层F场区工程地质及水文地质条件，通过深孔抽水、压水及水位恢复试验综合确定断层带渗透系数，分析了该断层的水文地质特征。基于此，建立非完整潜水水平坑道位于无限含水体计算模型，对采用3种不同的排水洞布置方式及井点降水这4种方案进行了理论降水计算分析。最后，综合以上方案理论计算结果对比分析得出采用两侧设置排水洞方案能够有效降低水位，达到设计要求;实践也表明降水方案合理可行，可为该地区其他类似隧道排水工程提供参考。
According to the engineering geological and hydrogeological conditions of fault F field of a tunnel project, we analyzed the fault’s hydrogeological characteristics by determining the permeability coefficient through deep pumping, pressure test as well as recovery test. On this basis, we built a nonholonomic computation model of a horizontal underwater gallery which is in infinite water body. Furthermore, we calculated and analysed the dewatering result of four schemes (three different schemes of drainage hole layout and a well-point dewatering scheme). Finally, we compared the theoretical calculation results and concluded that the drainage hole arranged at both sides could effectively reduce the water level and meet the design requirements. Practice verified the feasibility of the dewatering scheme. It provides reference for similar tunnel projects.
[1] DOMENICO P A,SCHWARTZ F W. Physical and Chemical Hydrogeology[M]. New York: John Wiley & Sons,1990:150-165.
[2] DUPUIT A J E J. tudes Théoriques et Pratiques sur la Mouvement des Eaux dans les Canaux Découverts et à Travers les Terrains Perméables: Avec des Considérations Relatives au Régime des Grandes Eaux, au Débouché à Leur Donner, et à la Marche des Alluvions dans les Rivières à Fond Mobile[M]. Dunod:Harvard University Press,1863.
[3] FORCHHEIMER P. Ueber die Ergiebigkeit von Brunnen-anlagen und Sickerschlitzen[J]. Z. Architekt. Ing. Ver. Hannover, 1886, 32: 539-563.
[4] 顾慰慈. 渗流计算原理及应用[M]. 北京:中国建材工业出版社,2000.(GU Wei-ci. Seepage Calculation Principle and Application[M]. Beijing:China Building Material Industry Publishing House,2000. (in Chinese))
[5] 张宏仁. 地下水非稳定流理论的发展和应用[M]. 北京:地质出版社,1975.(ZHANG Hong-ren. Development and Application of the Theory of Unsteady Flow of Groundwater[M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 1975. (in Chinese))
[6] THEIS C V. The Relation between the Lowering of the Piezometric Surface and the Rate and Duration of Discharge of a Well using Ground Water Storage[J]. American Geophysical Union Transactions, 1935,16:519-524.
[7] 李喜明. 叶家店隧道涌水量预测评价[J]. 中国水运,2011,11(7):163-164.(LI Xi-ming. The Water Inflow Forecast and Evaluation of the Tunnel in Yejiadian[J]. China Water Transport, 2011,11(7) : 163-164. (in Chinese))
[8] 工程地质手册编写委员会. 工程地质手册[M]. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社,1994.(Engineering Geology Manual Writing Committee. Engineering Geology Manual[M]. Beijing: China Architecture and Building Press,1994.(in Chinese))
