长江上游一批大中型水库的相继建成，对上游流域的水文、泥沙特性将产生一定的影响。系统分析了上游流域水库群建成后各支流主要控制性水文站及干流寸滩、宜昌站的水沙变化规律。结果表明：除屏山站以外，各站点在时段分割点后的年均径流量均较之前呈明显的下降趋势，下降幅度达4%～24%；各站点年均输沙量下降趋势更为明显，下降幅度达30%～90%。在此基础上，分析了长江上游水库群兴建后面临的新形势，并对当前需重点研究解决的问题提出了建议。
Abstract
With the construction of huge cascaded reservoirs,the water and sediment regime in the upstream basin of Yangtze River has been changed. The authors statistically analyzed the variations of runoff and sediment transport at major hydrological control stations in the mainstream and tributaries of Yangtze River based on over 5-decade’s hydrological data. It’s revealed that the annual average runoff measured at almost all the major stations has been decreasing,down 4%-24%,except for Pingshan station in Jinsha river,whose runoff variation was not obvious. On the other hand,the annual average sediment transport at all major stations has been decreasing more evidently by 30%-88%. Moreover,the new situation and problems posed by the construction of huge cascaded reservoirs on the upper Yangtze River and the countermeasures are discussed.
关键词
长江上游 /
水库兴建 /
水沙变化 /
规律分析 /
对策分析
Key words
upper Yangtze River /
reservoir construction /
runoff and sediment variation /
variation regularity /
countermeasures
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参考文献
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